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CHA₂DS₂-VASc Score

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The CHA₂DS₂-VASc score is a widely used clinical prediction tool designed to estimate the annual risk of stroke and systemic thromboembolism in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF). It represents an improved refinement of the earlier CHADS₂ score, incorporating additional risk factors for better stratification, particularly among lower-risk individuals.  The acronym stands for: Congestive heart failure (1 point), Hypertension (1 point), Age ≥75 years (2 points), Diabetes mellitus (1 point), prior Stroke/TIA/thromboembolism (2 points), Vascular disease (1 point), Age 65–74 years (1 point), and Sex category (female, 1 point).  Scores range from 0 to 9, with higher values indicating greater stroke risk. Guidelines (such as those from ESC and AHA) generally recommend oral anticoagulation for scores ≥2 in men or ≥3 in women, while considering it for intermediate scores, helping clinicians guide decisions on antithrombotic therapy to prevent potentially devastating t...
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Как исправить краши (CTD) в Skyrim Special Edition и Anniversary Edition 2026: Полное руководство по устранению вылетов на рабочий стол

Skyrim крашит на рабочий стол? Вылетает при загрузке сохранения, входе в локацию или во время боя? Эта проблема знакома миллионам игроков Skyrim Special Edition (SE) и Anniversary Edition (AE). CTD (Crash to Desktop) — один из самых распространенных багов, вызванный переполнением памяти, конфликтами модов, скриптами или даже обновлениями игры. В этой статье я разберу причины вылетов Skyrim SE/AE в 2026 году , дам пошаговые инструкции по фиксу и рекомендую лучшие моды. После этих шагов ваша игра станет стабильной даже с 200+ модами! Если вы новичок — читайте по порядку. Для моддеров — переходите к диагностике. Время на фикс: 30–60 минут.
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Safety and Myths About Anesthesia: What You Need to Know Before Surgery

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Safety and Myths About Anesthesia: What You Need to Know Before Surgery Keywords : anesthesia, anesthesia safety, myths about anesthesia, preparing for surgery, anesthesia side effects, and general anesthesia The word "anesthesia" often sparks anxiety before surgery. Will you wake up on time? Is it safe for your health? Could it harm you in the long run? Countless myths surround anesthesiology, fueling fears and doubts about modern medical practices. In this article, we’ll debunk the most common misconceptions about anesthesia, explore its safety, and share tips on preparing for surgery so you can feel confident and informed.
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Myths and Truths About Immunity: What Really Works?

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  Myths and Truths About Immunity: What Really Works? Keyword tip: immune health, Vitamin C, cold prevention, sleep and immunity, immune response, infection prevention, detox myths, gut health, immune system, probiotics, stress, cortisol, vaccines, exercise When cold and flu season rolls around—or when global health concerns dominate the headlines—everyone starts talking about boosting immunity . But what does that really mean? Between old wives’ tales, viral social media hacks, and scientific advice, it’s easy to get lost in the noise. Let’s separate the myths from the truths about your immune system and uncover what actually works to keep you healthy.
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Modern Recommendations for Using Glucocorticosteroids in the Perioperative Period in Cardiac Surgery

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Modern Recommendations for Using Glucocorticosteroids in the Perioperative Period in Cardiac Surgery Published on February 22, 2025 Keywords: glucocorticosteroids in cardiac surgery, perioperative steroids, cardiac surgery inflammation, modern steroid guidelines The use of glucocorticosteroids in the perioperative period of cardiac surgery has been a topic of debate for decades. These powerful anti-inflammatory drugs can reduce complications, but their
Location: JV63+8X Кованьяма Квинсленд, Австралия
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Technique of Retrograde Infusion

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 In 1956, Lillehei and his colleagues proposed the technique of retrograde infusion of cardioplegic solutions directly into the coronary sinus. Many practitioners have found this method to be as effective as antegrade infusion , though it often results in less perfusion of the right ventricle (especially its midsection) and right atrium. To address this issue, retrograde infusion can be administered through the right atrium and right ventricle instead. Retrograde coronary sinus infusion is particularly beneficial in cases with acute high-grade coronary artery stenoses or obstructions.
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Technique of Antegrade Cardioplegia

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Technique of Antegrade Cardioplegia antegrade cardioplegia, cardioplegia technique, myocardial protection, cardiac surgery, heart surgery, cardiopulmonary bypass, aortic root perfusion, potassium cardioplegia, surgical myocardial preservation After establishing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with the perfusate at 32°C—ensuring that ventricular fibrillation does not occur—a catheter is inserted into the aortic root through a previously placed purse-string stitch, attached to the cardioplegia line, and de-aired. Optionally, the pressure line of the catheter can be connected to a strain gauge for continuous monitoring of aortic root pressure. The aorta is clamped once the aortic root catheter is in place and certainly before the heart has cooled enough from whole-body perfusion to become arrhythmic or develop ventricular fibrillation .
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