Anesthesiology and Intensive Care

Continue BMV between attempts, call for help and remember each attempt mandates a different approach. 1. If SpO2 permits allow a maximum of 3 attempts. 2. For direct or Macintosh videolaryngoscopy optimize technique, ELM, head position and consider using adjuncts.

The risk of infection is dependent on the procedure and the level of barrier protection. Guidelines for monitoring have been published by the Association of Anaesthetists and should be followed at all times.

PRINZMETAL ANGINA is severe angina at rest , even asleep with transient ST-segment elevation .  Myron Prinzmetal was an American cardiologist, who was the first to describe this type of angina.   It occurs due to vasospasm, in contrast to stable angina pectoris, which occurs due to atherosclerosis. It is characterized by a deterioration in the patient's condition from midnight to 8:00.

  In case dentist recommends removing wisdom teeth,  conventional inferior alveolar nerve block is the most widely used method.   But v arious anesthesia methods are being perfoming.   S uccess rate is not high and it may lead to complications, such as  painfulness,  aspiration and nerve injury.   To perfom anesthesia, the location of the mandibular foramen (MF) must be determined. I t is important to find anatomical landmarks, such as the  sigmoid notch,  occlusal plane, coronoid notch, and external and internal oblique ridges.    MF is positioned at the level of or slightly below the occlusal plane and is situated approximately 3mm above the midpoint of the imaginary line running from the sigmoid notch and the inferior border of the mandible.

Here are 2 useful mnemonic phrases for memorizing the names of the twelve cranial nerves and their functional purpose.   C ranial nerve names in order from CN I to CN XII:

Mechanism of action:  Mechanism of action of pregabalin has not been exactly  explained. It  binds with high affinity to the alpha2-delta site -  subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels  in central nervous system.Thus, calcium currents decrease, which may be associated with the antinociceptive and antiseizure effects of pregabalin.  Nociception   is the recognizing of painful stimuli.

Epinephrine (Adrenaline)  is naturally occurring catecholamine. It is is the prototype sympathomimetic . Epinephrine is synthesized, stored, and released from the adrenal medulla. Through activation of a-adrenergic receptors , b1 and b2 receptors regulates: myocardial contractility heart rate vascular and bronchial smooth muscle tone glandular secretions metabolic processes such as glycogenolysis and lipolysis Not administered orally as it is rapidly metabolized in the gastrointestinal mucosa and liver. Therefore, epinephrine is administered subcutaneously,  intramuscularly  (Epipen), or   intravenously . Indications allergic reactions/ anaphylaxis treatment of severe asthma and bronchospasm during cardiopulmonary resuscitation during periods of hemodynamic instability to enhance myocardial contractility and increase vascular resistance during weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass increasing cardiac output in sepsis as part of local anesthetic solutions  to decrease systemic absorpti