Anesthesiology and Intensive Care

The causes  of Diabetic Ketoacidosis  can be remembered using acronym  MUDPILES   Causes of raised anion gap  metabolic acidosis indicate the presence of an unmeasured anion. The anion gap can be calculated as follows: (Na+ + K+) – (HCO3– + Cl–) Normal range: 8–16 mmol/L