Pharmacologically Induced Myocardial Protection During Cardiac Surgery
Both β-adrenergic receptor blockers and calcium channel blockers, when used alongside other methods, have been incorporated into myocardial management strategies by various groups. Calcium channel blockers such as verapamil and diltiazem are particularly beneficial due to their ability to prevent calcium entry into cells and their coronary vasodilatory effects. However, these drugs are also strong negative inotropes and cause prolonged electromechanical inactivity, especially when used in cardioplegic solutions.
