Noninfectious Causes of Fever.












CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

  • Subarachnoid hemorrhage
  • Intracerebral hemorrhage
  • Infarction


 CARDIAC

  • Myocardial infarction
  • Pericarditis


 PULMONARY

  • Atelectasis
  • Pulmonary embolism
  • Fibroproliferative phase of acute respiratory distress syndrome


 HEPATOBILIARY AND GASTROINTESTINAL

  • Acalculous cholecystitis
  • Acute pancreatitis
  • Active Crohn’s disease
  • Toxic megacolon
  • Alcoholic hepatitis


 RHEUMATOLOGIC SYNDROMES

  • Vasculitides (e.g., polyarteritis nodosa, temporal arteritis, Wegener’s syndrome)
  • Systemic lupus erythematosus
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Goodpasture’s syndrome


 ENDOCRINE

  • Hyperthyroidism
  • Adrenal insufficiency
  • Pheochromocytoma


 OTHER

  • Drug reactions (“drug fever”)
  • Transfusion reactions
  • Neoplasms (especially lymphoma, hepatoma, and renal cell carcinoma)
  • Malignant hyperthermia
  • Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
  • Serotonin syndrome
  • Opioid withdrawal syndrome
  • Ethanol withdrawal syndrome
  • Transient endotoxemia or bacteremia associated with procedures
  • Devitalized tissue secondary to trauma
  • Hematoma

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