Anesthesiology and Intensive Care

Class I: Fast sodium (Na) channel blockers:  Ia - Quinidine, procainamide, disopyramide (depress phase 0, prolonging repolarization)  Ib - Lidocaine, phenytoin, mexiletine (depress phase 0 selectively in abnormal/ischemic tissue, shorten repolarization)  Ic - Flecainide, propafenone, moricizine (markedly depress phase 0, minimal effect on repolarization) 

A commonly used classification system (the Atlanta classification) divides Acute Pancreatitis into two broad categories [ 5 ]: Mild (edematous and interstitial) acute pancreatitis Severe (usually synonymous with necrotizing) acute pancreatitis The criteria for severe AP included any of the following: A Ranson's score of 3 or more ( table 1 ) ( calculator 1 ) An APACHE II score of 8 or more within the first 48 hours ( calculator 2 ) Organ failure (respiratory, circulatory, renal, and/or gastrointestinal bleeding) Local complications (pancreatic necrosis, abscess, or pseudocyst). SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS (from UpToDate) Acute pancreatitis can be divided into two broad categories: Edematous or mild acute pancreatitis and necrotizing or severe acute pancreatitis. (See  'Introduction'  above.) Treatment varies depending on the severity of the condition. (See  "Predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis" .) Mild pancreatitis ...

    The World Health Organization Surgical Safety Checklist   establishes protocols designed to prevent the occasional, but recurring errors that have led to harm. The Safety Checklist applies from the time before induction of anesthesia, through just before skin incision and on to the time before the patient leaves the operating room.

    The following discussion and accompanying flow diagram attempt to identify the relevant factors that must be weighed when creating a patient-specific airway strategy. Neither discussion nor flow diagram is meant to be prescriptive. Many factors impact the decision, including patient cooperation, consent, and the clinician’s expertise.